Porcini mushrooms are very meaty and flavorful, and they are often found in numerous Italian dishes. The Romans also employed tasters to make sure that the mushroom is not poisonous. Members of Inocybe live in the roots of vascular host plants. Ah the humble button mushroom, the most well-known and omnipresent of the mushrooms. Characteristics: Slightly reddish-brown in color, porcini are one of the most prized wild mushrooms, sought out for their smooth texture and aromatic, woodsy flavor. They have a mild flavor, and they can be used in place of white button mushrooms if that’s what your recipe calls for. These are followed by severe stomach pains and diarrhea. Sometimes called the King Brown mushroom or the French Horn mushroom, these are very thick and meaty mushrooms, and they are also quite large in size. Cauliflower mushroom: Cauliflower mushrooms taste like fennel or almonds. They can appear either below ground (hypogeous) or above ground (epigeous) where they may be picked by hand. Golden-hued, fleshy and firm, they're described as having an apricot-like scent. When mature, it is known as portobello mushroom. Cauliflower Mushroom. To revisit this article, select My⁠ ⁠Account, then View saved stories. Several different types of exotic mushrooms can be grown in your home or garden today. Enoki mushrooms look a little like bean sprouts with their small caps, white color, and long stems. Fresh shiitakes have a light woodsy flavor and aroma, while their dried counterparts are more intense. Perfect for stir-fry dishes and many types of soup, the mushrooms hold their shape well when cooked, making them a very attractive addition to many of your dishes. They're common in many European cuisines, including French and Austrian, and are also native to the United States. The Cremini mushrooms are also a light shade of brown, instead of white. Since 1995, Epicurious has been the ultimate food resource for the home cook, with daily kitchen tips, fun cooking videos, and, oh yeah, over 33,000 recipes. Although there are thousands of different mushrooms, only 250 are poisonous. It is used in making soups, salads, and in pizza toppings. That may seem like a large number, but mycologists suspect that this is only a fraction of what's out there! Psychedelic mushrooms produce a robust psychological effect; therefore they are not used as food. Because of this, there are among the most highly adaptable types of mushrooms. They are a crispy type of mushroom, so they go great in many salads and soups. They are medium to large in size, edible, and excellent sources of vitamins B2, E, and A, phosphorus, potassium, and selenium, and also contain calcium, vitamin C, iron, and zinc. Types of Fungi by Family. Much like sourdough, Porcini mushrooms have a flavor and taste that is creamy and nutty, and they are light brown in color. Only the tip or a small percentage of the mushroom can be seen above ground. Found growing at the base of oak trees, Hen of the Woods mushrooms are used in both Japanese and Western dishes, and they are rich, earthy, and look similar to a flower. Mushrooms are a type of fungi that existed on the planet since the beginning. These types of mushrooms are known for their firm and meaty texture that have a mild flavor. They are a fun group of mushrooms to look for while hiking. Users of these magical fungi are always curious about the history of the strains and the mind expanding effects that is inherent to each unique strain. So-called because they look like the spot where toads would sit, Toadstools are fungi widely believed to be inedible or toxic. To revisit this article, visit My Profile, then View saved stories. Prized in Italy, these have a brief summer season in the East and pop up in the spring and fall on the West Coast. Characteristics: The most common and mildest-tasting mushroom around. They're popular in Italy, as well as in France, where they're called cèpes. Because of their age, their a bit browner and bit firmer, which means they're great for soups and stews. Raw, however, they taste bitter. It also has a meaty, nutty, and crunchy taste. The species name is Agaricus bisporus, and this family of mushrooms also includes portobello ( 2 ). Black Trumpet Mushroom. ", Alternate Names: Portobella, field mushroom, open cap mushroom. Creamy white to pale tan, they have a firm texture and a delicate flavor. They're harvested when they're young and have a very subtle, earthy flavor and are available year-round. They're best identified by their umbrella-shaped brown caps, which curl under ever so slightly. White Button Mushroom: Also called an able mushroom, cultivated mushroom, button, and champignon comprise 90% of mushrooms that people eat. 39 Edible Mushrooms You Should Know. When white button mushrooms fully mature, their caps grow outwards and they are called Portobello mushrooms. This mushroom has an earthy aroma and a gamy flavor, and is native to both the northwestern United States and Japan. They have a delicate, sweet flavor and are very affordable as well. Characteristics: Cooked, these crunchy brown-capped clusters are crunchy with a sweet nuttiness. Mushroom, the conspicuous umbrella-shaped fruiting body (sporophore) of certain fungi, typically of the order Agaricales in the phylum Basidiomycota but also of some other groups. Simple to cook with, the Oyster mushroom can be used in a variety of dishes. Morel mushrooms can be very expensive, and once you try them you’ll understand why. A mushroom (probably Russula brevipes) parasitized by Hypomyces lactifluorum resulting in a "lobster mushroom". With so many types of mushrooms, the possibilities (and recipes) are endless. Alternate Names: Shitake, black forest, black winter, brown oak, Chinese black, black mushroom, oriental black, forest mushroom, golden oak, Donko. They're good raw. They are particularly abundant in the West and Pacific Northwest from September into the cold months. 1. They're often found next to the button mushrooms at the grocery store and are slightly bigger and more expensive. Milk mushrooms are the only mushroom species that are native and cultivated in India. Inocybe is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi. Oyster mushrooms are found in many Japanese and Chinese dishes such as soups and stir-fries. We can put these various species in one of 4 categories: saprotrophic, mycorrhizal, parasitic, and endophytic. The prefix ‘button’ is used to describe small-sized mushrooms. This group includes the very tasty morels (see below) and truffles. Caesar’s Mushroom. See our ultimate mushroom collection for recipe ideas. Mushrooms of this variety are as wide as the palm of your hand, and their meaty texture stands up to grilling and stuffing (or both!). In the wild, they grow on Chinese Hackberry trees, ash trees, mulberry trees, and persimmon trees. They are also sold either canned, dried, or fresh, but the dried mushrooms need to be soaked in hot water for at least 15 minutes before you cook them. Therefore when foraging in the wild for mushrooms, one has to know which type of mushroom they want, since most edible mushrooms have toxic lookalikes. Crunchy, nutty and meaty, this mushroom tastes very similar to a chanterelle. There are so many types of mushrooms -- at least 14,000 -- though only about half are OK to eat. Moreover, since they are available all year long, they are very easy mushrooms to find. Like their namesakes, they're whitish in color and fan-shaped, and possess a delicate odor and flavor. Photo by Chelsea Kyle, Food Styling by Ali Nardi, Turkey Breast Roulade with Crimini, Porcini, and Pancetta, Grilled Portabellas with Soppressata Stuffing, Black Cod with Mushrooms and Sansho Pepper, Wonton Soup with Mushroom-Zucchini "Meatballs", Roasted Prawns with Morels and Morel Butter. Oyster mushrooms look dissimilar to most other types of mushrooms, but there is no need to be intimidated by them. Alternate names: able mushroom, cultivated mushroom, button, champignon (de Paris). It is said that the Egyptian pharaohs loved their mushrooms so much that they declared it food for the royalty and banned the commoners from eating them. Alternate names: Cèpe, bolete, king bolete, borowik, Polish mushroom, Steinpilz, stensopp, penny bun. For example, one of the most expensive mushrooms in the world – the White Truffle – is a type of mycorrhizal mushroom. Also known as white mushrooms, button mushrooms are the most common type you'll find in the supermarket. underground and weighing around as much as a blue whale. Cremini mushrooms are a variety of mushroom that belongs to the white button mushroom family. Below are 39 different types of edible mushrooms. Brown Cap Boletus mushrooms are edible and usually found at the edges of clearings and coniferous trees. You can’t mistake its conical, spongy look and woodsy flavor. Increasingly, retailers hoping to capitalize on the popularity of the portabellos are selling crimini mushrooms as "baby bellas. Alternate Names: Enokitake, enokidake, futu, winter mushrooms, winter fungus. Other popular types include the chanterelle, shiitake, oyster and enoki. These are eight of the most poisonous species of mushrooms in the world, which should be avoided at all costs. Ninety percent of the mushrooms we eat are this variety. Table Of Contents. Characteristics: With a sweet smell and taste, it makes sense that this mushroom is also called the "sweet tooth" (unless the mushroom is older — then it can take on a bitter flavor). Agaricus bisporus is an edible mushroom which has two color states while immature – white and brown – both of which have various names. 2) Closed cup Characteristics: In Japanese, shiitake means "oak fungus," which describes where the mushrooms can be found in the wild. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Compared to many other types of mushrooms, they last a very long time if kept in the refrigerator – up to 10 days. Though mushrooms can grow anywhere, not all of them are edible. Typical mushrooms under this genus are brown although some species are lilac. The Honey Agaric mushroom is the world’s largest living stretching up to 10 sq. If you go to the supermarket and buy mushrooms, chances are good that you’re buying basic button mushrooms. They also come in colors such as grey, brown, and even a reddish color, and the younger they are, the more flavorful they are. The frilly edges and large clusters of these mushrooms catch all of the spices and get nice and charred. We cover Oyster, Shiitake, Lion's mane & more.. Among the most popular of the different types of mushrooms that are used in foods are white mushrooms, morels, truffles and portabella mushrooms. With a cap that is chewy, it is best to sauté or stir-fry this mushroom until its edges become golden brown. Button Mushroom Recipes: Classic Stuffed Mushrooms, Cream of Mushroom Soup 9 If you’re looking for something to bake or stuff, try the older button mushrooms, which have a mild flavor and a firm texture. If you want a bun-substitute, you can even use the mushroom's flat cap. Experimenting with different types of magic mushrooms is fun, intense and insightful. Native to Japan, once you try Enoki mushrooms you are guaranteed to come back for more. Like Portobello mushrooms, Shiitake mushrooms are chewy and meaty, and they are frequently included to enhance various sauces and soups. To give you some starters before we jump into the mushroom recipes, I’m sharing a few of my newfound favorite ways to use the main types of mushrooms. Popularly, the term mushroom is used to identify the edible sporophores; the term toadstool is … The Maitake mushroom is a type of adaptogen. They are also quite savory and are especially delicious when you sauté them in butter. Growing mostly in areas such as Korea, China, and Japan, these mushrooms are naturally very commonly found in a variety of Asian dishes. Alternate Names: King oyster, trumpet royale, ali'i oyster, boletus of the steppes, king brown mushroom, French horn mushroom, king brown mushroom, It’s all about the thick, meaty stem on this jumbo mushroom, Alternate Names: Horn of plenty, black chanterelle, trumpet of the dead. With its mild flavor and somewhat meaty texture, you can even use these types of mushrooms as a substitute for meat in many dishes. Alternate Names: Sweet tooth, wood hedgehog. Popular in Asian dishes, you can buy these mushrooms either canned or fresh, and there is a lot of flavor to them. It’s a blue mushroom that’s not particularly common but can be widespread in the woods. But almost all the mushrooms we eat in the U.S. are the white button variety. Mushroom poisoning, or mycetism, occurs in about 6,000 to 7,000 cases per year in the United States alone. Here, we take a look at the flavor profiles and characteristics of the most popular mushroom varieties. Alternate Names: Shitake, black forest, black winter, brown oak, Chinese black, black mushroom, oriental black, forest mushroom, golden oak, Donko. Alternate Names: Hen of the Wood, sheepshead mushroom, ram's head, kumotake, dancing mushroom. All rights reserved. © 2021 Condé Nast. In addition, Porcini mushrooms can get up to 10 inches across, so they get quite large at times. Cremini mushrooms are a brown, moderately mature variety of white button mushrooms. Button Mushroom. Another form of agaricus bisporus—cremini mushrooms are just an older version of the button mushroom. Even More Kinds of Mushrooms Restricting the types of mushrooms to some basic pore, gilled or shelf mushroom categories does leave a big hole in the mushroom world. If they are eaten raw, you will notice a bitter taste that you’re not likely to be fond of. From dependable crimini to meaty morels, mushrooms have a lot to offer. Button or white mushrooms are the most commonly available mushrooms in the grocery store. The genus Amanita has about 600 species, including some of the most toxic ones. These categories describe how the the organism feeds itself. Typical mushrooms are the fruit bodies of members of the order Agaricales, whose type genus is Agaricus and type species is the field mushroom, Agaricus campestris. All over the world, mushrooms have been consumed as food or used for medicinal purposes. Selecting An Exotic Mushroom For Cultivation. It produces dark blue milk when cut. Chanterelle (Cantharellus) is considered a gourmet mushroom. Psilocybin mushrooms, as the name suggests, contain psilocybin or its derivative psilocin, which are well-known naturally occurring hallucinogenic and psychedelic agents. The upper classes in ancient Greece and Rome, on the other hand, used mushrooms in their cuisines. The reason they are called Oyster mushrooms is that of their appearance, and they have an almost anise-like taste at certain times of the year. However, this only applies when they are cooked, which is the best way to eat them. They're popular around the world due to their versatility as well as their meat-like heft and texture — and these days, we generally don't have to travel further than the produce aisle to explore them all. Maitakes are a type of edible wild mushroom that grows at the base of trees during the fall. These are also sometimes called baby portobellos, and they look similar to the white button mushroom except for their size, which is slightly larger. Also known as: able mushroom, cultivated mushroom, button, table mushroom, and champignon mushroom. Characteristics: Common in Italian cooking, dense, rich portobellos lend depth to sauces and pastas and make a great meat substitute. This wavy fungi is a late-summer find in the Midwest and East and grows all winter in the West. or 45 kg! They all have different levels of active ingredients which include psilocybin, psilocin and baeocystin. When white mushrooms are immature, they can also be known as champignon mushrooms and cultivated or table mushrooms. 8. These mushrooms grow symbiotically with oak, poplar, hazel, and beech trees. Also called Clamshell mushrooms, these mushrooms have caps that are brown and a crunchy, but sweet and nutty flavor. Also known as the Deathcap Mushroom, contain poison throughout the cap, gills, stem, and spores.

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